DATA - Government debt ratios<sup>1</sup>

Government debt ratios¹
	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025	2026

	% of GDP

Belgium	100.0	97.5	111.2	108.4	102.6	103.1	103.4	105.1	107.2
Germany	60.7	58.6	68.0	68.1	65.0	62.9	63.0	63.2	62.8
Estonia	8.0	8.3	19.1	18.4	19.1	20.2	23.2	24.2	25.5
Ireland	61.5	55.9	57.0	52.6	43.1	43.3	41.6	38.3	36.8
Greece	185.3	178.8	209.4	197.3	177.0	163.9	153.1	146.8	142.7
Spain	99.7	97.6	119.3	115.7	109.5	105.1	102.3	101.3	101.1
France	98.5	98.1	114.8	112.7	111.2	109.9	112.7	115.3	117.1
Croatia	72.8	70.9	86.5	78.2	68.5	61.8	57.3	56.0	56.0
Italy	134.0	133.6	154.3	145.7	138.3	134.8	136.6	138.2	139.3
Cyprus	97.9	92.2	113.6	96.5	81.0	73.6	66.4	61.4	56.7
Latvia	38.3	37.9	44.0	45.9	44.4	45.0	48.1	50.3	51.6
Lithuania	33.3	35.6	45.9	43.3	38.1	37.3	38.3	41.0	44.6
Luxembourg	20.9	22.4	24.5	24.4	24.6	25.5	27.5	27.6	27.5
Malta	41.4	39.2	48.7	49.6	49.4	47.4	49.8	50.4	50.2
Netherlands	51.6	47.6	53.3	50.4	48.3	45.1	43.3	44.3	46.6
Austria	74.5	70.9	83.2	82.4	78.4	78.6	79.5	80.8	81.8
Portugal	121.6	116.5	134.1	123.9	111.2	97.9	95.7	92.9	90.5
Slovenia	70.9	65.9	80.2	74.8	72.7	68.4	67.1	64.4	63.1
Slovak Republic	49.2	47.9	58.4	60.2	57.7	56.1	58.9	59.8	61.8
Finland	65.3	65.2	75.4	73.2	74.0	77.1	82.6	84.7	85.3
EA	87.4	85.4	98.5	95.7	91.2	88.9	89.1	89.6	90.0



Bulgaria	22.1	20.1	24.4	23.8	22.5	22.9	24.5	23.1	24.5
Czech Republic	31.7	29.6	36.9	40.7	42.5	42.4	43.4	44.4	44.8
Denmark	34.1	33.8	46.3	40.5	34.1	33.6	31.0	29.3	28.3
Hungary	68.8	65.0	78.7	76.2	73.8	73.4	74.5	74.5	73.8
Poland	48.2	45.2	56.6	53.0	48.8	49.7	54.7	58.9	62.4
Romania	34.4	35.0	46.6	48.3	47.9	48.9	52.2	56.1	59.7
Sweden	39.9	35.7	40.1	36.7	33.6	31.5	32.8	32.7	31.7
EU	81.0	78.9	91.2	88.3	83.9	82.1	82.4	83.0	83.4



United Kingdom	86.3	85.7	105.8	105.1	99.6	100.0	101.6	102.6	103.2
Norway	38.9	39.9	45.2	41.4	36.5	44.3	41.6	39.6	37.4
Switzerland	40.3	40.1	43.9	41.5	37.7	37.2	37.0	36.8	x
U.S.A.	106.4	107.7	129.9	125.1	120.8	122.7	124.1	126.2	127.7
Japan	232.4	236.4	258.4	253.7	256.3	249.7	249.8	249.5	249.9

Source: European Commission, OECD.

Sources of international organizations are used in this area to facilitate comparison. As a consequence, the data for Austria may deviate from those shown in the other sections.
¹ 2024, 2025, 2026: Forecast of the European Commission (November 2024).